Showing posts with label bones. Show all posts
Showing posts with label bones. Show all posts

Friday, January 23, 2026

Teeth and squiggles and wandering bones

At the end of a short trail heading off into the forest, an animal trail although humans had been there, too, I found the better part of a deer skeleton. Clean bones, with no flesh left on them. I took a couple of photos.

Deer skull, as found.

Pelvis, spine, some of the ribs, some leg bones.

At home, I started to wonder about the age of the deer, and looked for the teeth, then realized that there was no lower jawbone in my photos; and all the instructions about aging a deer skeleton depend on that lower jawbone. So I went back and poked around in the bush. No lower jaw. Some animal must have carried it off to eat in privacy. I brought home the skull to examine the upper teeth more closely, anyhow.

Three molars.

The molars, at first glance, look like two rows of 6 teeth each; look at that top photo. But there are only three, each with three roots, here on the upper jaw. On the lower jaw, they have two.

Molars, side view.

The upper jaw has no incisors, the front teeth used for biting; instead they have a tough gum pad which connects to the incisors which they do have on the lower jaw, and they tear their food rather than bite through it. Watch a deer eat; they grab the leaves (of my hydrangea, for example) and yank their head sideways to tear off a mouthful.

And look at this: the sutures at the top of the skull, joining the skull bones with fibrous connective tissue, which allows the skull and the brain it protects to expand.

 Like fingerprints, they are unique for each individual, deer or human.

More sutures, at the back of the skull.

I love these; I keep seeing designs in those squiggly lines. Cartoon characters, cactus deserts, or the map of one of our local highways, maybe.

And I don't know how old the deer was.

UPDATE: It may have been 4 or 5 years old, according to a commenter on Field Naturalists of Vancouver Island.
The deer is probably around 4-5 years old according to teeth wear. ... The sutures on top of the skull are not heavily fused and are in a lazy pattern. The older the Ungulate gets the more interlocked and fused they become. (Rick Gander, FNVI)
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Al final de un senderito corto que entraba al bosque, un camino hecho por algún animal, aunque también lo han seguido una u otra persona,  encontré gran parte de un esqueleto de un venado. Eran huesos limpios; ya no tenían nada de carne. Saqué un par de fotos. 

    1. El cráneo, tal como lo encontré.

    2. El pelvis, la espina dorsal, algunas costillas, huesos largos de las patas.

En casa ya, se me ocurrió preguntar cual sería la edad de este venado, y busqué los dientes en las fotos. Pero la mandíbula inferior no aparecía, y todas las instrucciones sobre la identificación de la edad empezaban con; ver la mandíbula inferior. Regresé al sitio y la busqué entre las hierbas, pero no la hallé. Un animal se la habría llevado. Ni modo; me traje el cráneo a casa; podría por lo menos examinar esos dientes.

    3. Tres muelas.

Los molares, a primera vista, parece que consisten en dos hileras con 6 muelas en cada una; mira esa primera foto. Pero en realidad son unicamente tres, cada una de estas en la mandíbula superior  con tres raices. En la mandíbula inferior, tienen dos.

    4. Los molares, vistos horizontalmente, exhibiendo sus raices.

La mandíbula superior no contiene dientes incisivos, los dientes que se usan para cortar. En su lugar, tiene una capa gruesa y dura, la cual hace contacto con los incisivos de la mandíbula inferior. Esto les obliga a desgarrar las hierbas en vez de cortarlas. Observa un venado mientras come; agarra las hojas (como las de mi hortensia, por ejemplo) y tuerce la cabeza hacia un lado para arrancarlas.

Otra cosa. Mira estas suturas en la parte superior del cráneo. Estos juntan los huesos craneales con tejidos conjuntivos, lo que permite que crezcan estos huesos y el cerebro que protegen.

    5. Suturas del cráneo. Como las huellas dactilares, son únicas para cada individuo, sea venado o humano.

    6. Estas suturas están en la parte posterior del cráneo.

Me encantan estas. Y en ellas veo diseños interesantes; caricaturas (¿un perrito loco?), cactos en el desierto, o el mapa de una de nuestras carreteras.

Y no pude averiguar la edad del venado.

NUEVO: Puede haber tenido de 4 a 5 años, dice un experto en la página Facebook, Field Naturalists of Vancouver Island.
El  venado probablemente tiene de 4 a 5 años, basado en el desgastamiento de la dentadura. ... Las suturas del cráneo no se encuentran fuertemente cimentados y su diseño es flojo.  Entre más viejo el Ungulado, más entrelazadas y unidas se hacen. (Rick Gander, FNVI)

Wednesday, September 19, 2018

Leftovers

At the side of the logging road, there was one of those cement blocks with an iron loop in the top that I've seen in several places and never understood the use of. They sit there for years, developing rust and a thick moss coating. I went over to look at the rust.

Slab cemented to a sloped base, about waist height. (Cropped from the corner of large photo.)

Rusty handle. The moss is a couple of inches deep.

Moving around the slab, looking for an angle on the moss, I noticed a few ends of bones sticking out.

Four bones, buried in the moss.

One is a piece of spine.
The others look like ribs. The longest was eight inches long.

It looks to me like the bones of a small deer, carried up to the slab by an eagle, maybe. I looked around; a few metres away, on the ground, I found a half a leg bone, badly gnawed. It looks like several predators or scavengers had a feast, one on the slab, others dragging their find off to eat in bits.

Tuesday, October 02, 2012

Bone specialist needed

On Stories Beach, in Campbell River, I picked up this bird skull. I have never seen one like it before.

Top view. Part of the beak is missing. Length of this bit, 8 cm, height about 3.5 cm., as found.

Luckily, the light was great, and the skull felt fragile, so I photographed it as soon as we got back to the car, on the engine hood.

Bird skulls are usually smooth. This one seems almost feathered, but all that structure is bone. I've been searching for a match; I found a great site, skullsite dot com, with over 1000 bird skulls to compare, and looked at all the bigger ones. There's nothing like this.

Long, hollow bones.

Front view.

Side view, upside down.

The underparts of the bones reflected the light too brightly. Unfortunately, this is the best shot I've got; I packed the skull carefully to bring it home, got it here in one piece, then dropped it and broke the bottom section off.

Bottom view, broken remains.

Side view.

Any guesses? Or outright IDs?

Update: in the comments, five people so far are telling me it's a fish. I'm off to look up fish heads.

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