Showing posts with label pleopods. Show all posts
Showing posts with label pleopods. Show all posts

Saturday, January 28, 2023

Leavings, left and taken

 Someone found the crab leavings before I did. On the cut end of a log, they left the carapace of a helmet crab:

Telmessus cheiragonus. Also known as "bristly crab". Because it's bristly.

I don't know that I've ever seen one of these alive, only their molted carapaces. They live in kelp beds and, the Encyclopedia says, are "one of the fastest moving Pacific Northwest crabs." The molted carapaces are lightweight compared to our usual shore crabs, the same size. They feel fragile.

Then there was this, laid out neatly on a frayed log:

Abdominal plate of a female crab.

No, not the same species. This is just the abdominal plate, and it was bigger than the whole helmet crab carapace. Too large to be a shore crab, too.

The crab was a female. The males' abdominal plates are narrow arrows coming from a broad base. The females have a wide, rounded covering; it will protect the eggs when she's in berry.

I turned the abdomen over. Not so pretty. When she molts, the crab leaves behind several of her internal organs; the esophagus, the stomach lining, part of her intestine, the framework of her gills and the pleopods. She will grow all of these new, from scratch.

Inside of the abdominal plates. Pleopods.

At home, I looked at those pleopods under the microscope.

5 of the pleopods on the right.

Males only have two pleopods on each side. Females have 4, and they are biramous; they each have an extra branch. She attaches her eggs to these appendages, and waves them about in the water to keep them clean and oxygenated.

A dozen years ago (so long ago!) I posted a video of a female shore crab in berry, cleaning her eggs and pumping water around them.

Here it is, again;

I left the helmet crab carapace where I found it, for the next beachcomber.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Alguien las encontró antes de que yo llegara. Y me las dejó encima de troncos. Primero, la muda de un cangrejo "casco", Telmessus cheiragonus.

Foto #1: La muda, nada más el caparazón superior. También se conoce este cangrejo como el "erizado".

No sé si alguna vez haya visto uno de estos cangrejos en vivo, sino solamente las mudas. Viven en los bosques de quelpos y son, según comenta mi Enciclopedia, "uno de los cangrejos del noreste Pacífico que se mueve con más rapidez." Las mudas son más ligeras que las de nuestros cangrejos de la costa, que son del mismo tamaño. Se sienten como si serán frágiles.

Y luego hubo esto:

Foto #2: La placa abdominal de una muda de cangrejo hembra, dejado sobre un tronco viejo.

No, no es la misma especie. Esta placa abdominal es más grande que la muda entera del primer cangrejo.

Esta fue una hembra. Las placas abdominales de los machos son angostas, puntiagudas, saliendo de una base amplia. Las hembras llevan una placa amplia, redondeada; aquí es donde lleva protegidos sus huevos.

Volteé el abdomen. No era tan fácil de comprender. Cuando muda, el cangrejo deja atrás muchos de sus órganos interiores: el esófago, el interior del estómago, algo del intestino, la forma de las branquias, y los pléopodos, que se ven aquí. Volverá a crecer todo esto nuevecito.

Foto #3: El interior del abdomen, con los pléopodos.

Foto #4: En casa, miré esos pléopodos bajo el microscopio. Aquí se ven 5 de los del lado derecho.

Los machos solo tienen 2 pléopodos en cada lado. Las hembras tienen 4, y estos tienen 2 ramas cada uno. Fija sus huevos a los pelos de estos pléopodos y los agita en el agua para mantenerlos limpios y provistos de oxígeno.

Hace 12 años subí un video de un cangrejo de la costa hembra llevando huevos, limpiando y agitándolos. Aquí lo subo otra vez.

Video: "In Berry"

Dejé la muda del primer cangrejo allí sobre el tronco para la próxima persona que visitara la playa.




Monday, October 14, 2013

Ma crab and the "hairy spine thingy".

The mystery is solved!

We've got a fairly close identification of the "Hairy spine thingy". (First post about it, second post.) A couple of days ago, among other things, various biologists suggested crustacean pleopods, but I was unable to find any to match, and no-one could be positively sure.

Then, this morning, Dr. Tony Irwin, of the Norfolk Museums and Archaeology Service (in the U.K.) posted a link to a previous ID made by the Natural History Museum (London). And there are good photos! I'm not sure about copyright issues here; so here are the links: Female crab abdominal carapace, the part usually visible outside. And F. crab abdominal plate, inside.

The pleopods are the end segments of the six hairy "legs", three on each side, folded towards the centre of the photo. Dr. Irwin says that in a large crab, they would be about 3 cm. long, the length of the piece that I found.

A crab is a decapod, which means that she has 10 legs.
As their name implies, all decapods have ten legs; these are the last five of the eight pairs of thoracic appendages characteristic of crustaceans. The front three pairs function as mouthparts and are generally referred to as maxillipeds, the remainder being pereiopods. In many decapods, however, one pair of legs has enlarged pincers; the claws are called chelae, so those legs may be called chelipeds. Further appendages are found on the abdomen, with each segment capable of carrying a pair of biramous pleopods, the last of which form part of the tail fan (together with the telson) and are called uropods. Wikipedia
Repeating myself from long ago: Simple and logical, isn't it?

Well, sort of. The legs and the mouthparts and pincers, which also count as legs for the name, are on the thorax. The abdomen, the part that crabs fold underneath so that they look as if they were all one piece, has its own set of "pods", but they aren't legs, so don't count for the "decapod" name, even if they are built more or less on the same pattern.

Males have two sets of pleopods, which they use to transfer sperm to the female. Females have several sets. These are used to hold the eggs under the abdomen while she is in berry, to fan them and oxygenate them.

I found a couple of photos of local crabs where the pleopods are recognizable:

Dungeness crab, a large crab, up to around 20 cm (8 inches) across the shell. 

"Hairy spine thingies", aka pleopods under her abdominal plate.

One of our small purple shore crabs, also showing off her pleopods. (Not very happy about it, though.)

Her abdominal plate, as it would normally be seen.

(All these photos are from Walla Walla University, Department of Biology.)

So there we have it. My "hairy spine thingy" is a pleopod of one of our larger crabs. I still want to find a dead one and confirm the species, if possible.



Sunday, October 13, 2013

"Wacky appendages"

An update on the hairy spine thingy:

In brief, it still has me (us) stumped. History, to date:

The post with the photos and description (here) was cross-posted to my Facebook timeline and my Facebook page. A friend there (JG) suggested that I try the burn test for fabric. Was it vegetable or animal? I broke off a tiny piece and burned it; it smelled of hair or feathers. Animal, then.

Another friend (Fred Schueler from the U. of T.) asked the TAXACOM list of experts for help. They came up with various suggestions, from feathers to the tip of a whale's baleen plates, to an abdominal appendage of a crab.
"Crustaceans are jam-packed with wacky appendages:" - Doug Yanega (Entomology).
They sent me off to search crustacean pleopods. Some of the images look sort of, almost, but not quite,* right.

JG then volunteered to take the photos to the Marine Biology meeting of Nature Vancouver. I took more photos for her, destroying another tiny piece of the sample to look at its "innards".

I de-haired two segments as well as I could.

It turned out to be a semi-hollow tube. Here's the inner lining.

One side has a rough section, that on closer examination looks like a groove lined with some sort of fibers.

The inside of a broken segment. This was very fragile, and snapped like a too-thin eggshell. From the inside, what looked like a dark line turns out to be transparent; the dark colour came from the inner stuff.

The Nature Vancouver marine biologists suggested e-mailing Andy Lamb, one of the authors of the Encyclopedia I use, Marine Life of the Pacific Northwest. I just now got an answer from him: he's stumped, too, and is forwarding the lot to several other people.

So that's where we are now. My next step is to go to the beach at a lowish tide and find a large, dead crab, with all his appendages, and examine them. I'll report then, or as soon as anyone else provides an identification.

A big "Thank you!" to all who have helped so far!

*Pleopod of female blue crab. Not on this coast.

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