Showing posts with label sporangia. Show all posts
Showing posts with label sporangia. Show all posts

Tuesday, May 23, 2023

Cones and hopping spores

 Horsetails. Their lifecycle is backward; other plants grow, produce leaves and flowers, which then develop the seeds to start the next generation. Horsetails grow the fertile stems first, and then later, separately, the leafy stems.

The fertile stems are unbranched, with a tall cone or strobilus, ringed with parallel rows of spore-producing structures, the sporangia. They look like tiny round flowers. These stems die soon after they release the spores.

The sterile stems are the ones with the bristly leaves. (The Latin name, Equisetum, means horse bristles.) They usually show up after the fertile ones. This year, maybe because of the long, cool spring and the sudden change to summer temperatures, in some spots they showed up together with the fertile stems.

Horsetails, Equisetum arvense, fertile and sterile stems.

Mostly cones. The brown sheaths are actually leaves. These leaves are not photosynthetic.

Reading up on horsetails on Wikipedia, I came across this, about the microscopic spores:
The spores have four elaters that act as moisture-sensitive springs, assisting spore dispersal through crawling and hopping motions after the sporangia have split open longitudinally. (Wikipedia)

"Crawling and hopping" spores! Now I'll think of all those hopping spores every time I look at the horsetails that insist on growing behind my compost bin.

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 Equisetum. Las llamadas colas de caballo; el nombre Latino significa cerdas de caballo. Su ciclo de vida es opuesto al de otras plantas, las cuales brotan, producen flores y hojas y luego las semillas. La cola de caballo produce primero el tallo fértil, y más tarde, por separado, otros tallos estériles; éstos son los que son fotosintéticos.

Los tallos fértiles no tienen ramas, y llevan en la punta un cono o estróbilo, con anillos de pequeños esporangios, que producen las esporas. Se parecen a florecitas miniaturas. Estos tallos desaparecen después de soltar las esporas.

Los tallos estériles son los que tienen las hojas verdes, y salen normalmente después de que los fértiles han muerto. Este año, tal vez porque la primavera era tan fria y de repente llegaron las temperaturas altas de verano, en algunas partes tanto los tallos fértiles como los estériles salieron juntos.

Fotos: colas de caballo, con los conos y los tallos verdes. En los tallos fértiles, los anillos de color café también son hojas, pero éstas no son fotosintéticas.

Buscando datos en Wikipedia, encontré esto:

"Las esporas tienen cuatro eláteres (células higroscópicas) que actúan como resortes sensibles a la humedad, ayudando a la dispersión de las esporas por medio de movimientos como que gatean y saltan después de que el esporangio se halla abierto longitudinalmente."

¡"Gateando y saltando"! Ahora cada que veo las colas de caballo que crecen atrás de mi depósito de compost, me voy a imaginar todas esas esporas saltarinas.

Saturday, August 19, 2017

Identify this moss

It's been hot and dry for so long; even in the shady woods, the mosses are crispy and dark. This one was struggling along on a rock beside Woodhus Creek.

Unidentified moss. The leaves are still trying to stay green, and it's making spores.

The sporangium (spore case) is barrel-like, with teeth at the mouth (the peristome), standing upright on a tall stem (the seta). And this stem is twisted into a spiral.

Zooming in.

I don't know what species of moss this is. I remember once seeing something about a moss stem twisted this way, but I don't remember where. And I haven't found it in several hundred photos on Google.

Help!

Saturday, February 20, 2016

Waste not

The challenge this week at DPS was to photograph food at the dinner table. I was thinking of this as I chopped veggies for my supper, (which turned out delicious, but not photogenic) when I found that one of my tomatoes had sprouted a fungus. So I ate the supper, and photographed the tomato.

Roma tomato, with pin mould, Mucor sp.

Transparent stalks, with round fruiting bodies (sporangia) at the top.

New sporangia are transparent, becoming dark grey as they ripen.

Zooming in

"Young" threads, with tiny growing sporangia

And then the tomato, mould and all, went into the compost bin. Nothing goes to waste around here.


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